Saturday, December 28, 2019

Motivation And Performance Involving Mechanical Skills

Motivation provides individuals the drive to behave and act in a certain way in order to influence their work environments (Robbins Judge, 2014, pp. 35-36). When employees are able to influence their work environments, they can make a psychological identity with their organization that provides a sense of purpose, or meaningfulness, to their existence in their job performance and involvement (Robbins Judge, 2014, pp. 35-36). Thus, providing employees with a higher level of job satisfaction. To promote higher levels of job satisfaction, involvement and performance, managers will utilize motivational strategies to encourage their employees to perform certain tasks (McCoy, 2012, p. 2). However, managers are recognizing that traditional incentives are no longer providing the results of behavioral physics in their organization (McCoy, 2012, p. 3). To address this dilemma, managers are looking at motivational strategies where the incentives psychologically empower their employees in their daily activities. Problem In Dan Pink’s YouTube video, he discusses how incentivizing performance involving mechanical skills follows with the laws of behavioral physics, which is, if one rewards an individual for their performance, they receive more of the behavior (2010). Conversely, if they do not get rewarded, then they get less of the behavior (Pink, 2010). However, this is not the case for individuals performing rudimentary cognitive skills (Pink, 2010). Pink explains theShow MoreRelatedDesire to Study Industrial Engineering in Operations Research and Information Systems852 Words   |  4 PagesMy undergraduate years as a mechanical major had successfully provided me a solid foundation in technical areas and quantitative methods. 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First and foremost, in view of jobs which require an endowment of special ability and profession (mostly clerical nature), intrinsic motivation is significant to foster job satisfaction and in the acquisitionRead MoreMotivators and Hygiene1608 Words   |  7 Pageson job satisfaction and motivation. In previous education classes at Benedictine University Maslow was studied in detail as the cornerstone of motivating high school children. His theory is based on a hierarchy of five needs, physiological, safety, social, achievement/esteem, and self-actualization. Individual needs are met by the importance attached to the various needs and the amount of importance the person attaches to it. I believe any discussion on motivation should begin with Herzberg’sRead MorePursuing A Career As A Researcher1340 Words   |  6 Pagesmy hand, my lifelong aim of acceding in the academic arena and doing advanced research directed me towards the graduate education without a single moment of hesitation. 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Looking at the interactionist view of conflict, some process and task conflicts can be seen as constructive and functional to employee pe rformance. However the process conflict in this situation is impeding on work relationships leading to unproductivity. It is essential that a solution is made before workers become unhappy and lose motivation. Further harm can occur if the issue is not dealt with in a timely manner, as a process conflict can shift to a relationship conflict, which is significantlyRead MoreMotor Learning Essay23209 Words   |  93 Pagesless than 200 milliseconds. True In America , 1 dollar and 50 cents affords you what behavior? buying a candy bar Motor equivalence refers to the fact that the temporal and spatial characteristics of a movement remain relatively stable from one performance to the next. False Reflex theory can be defined as: a chain of action thought to be triggered by some external stimulus that resulted in an observable movement response. True According to your book the two most important bodies of knowledge thatRead MoreQuantitative vs Qualitative Research Design Essay1657 Words   |  7 Pages‘socially constructed† (Alston Bowles, 2012, p.13). Quantitative research design encompasses methods which focus on numbers, that is, quantities. The data collected in this design is usually in numbers which are then analyzed using statistical and mechanical methods (Alston Bowles, 2012, p. 10). Alternatively, qualitative design normally uses words to explain wider concepts that cannot be captured mathematically such as beliefs, feelings and intentions. To obtain relevant information, in depth interviewsRead MoreWhen Recruiting An Administrator And The Other Employees2893 Words   |  12 Pagesother words, they are instrumental in ensuring smooth flow of the company as well as maintaining file records of all employees and clients. Reasonably, beyond having the necessary technical and academic training as, they must p ossess other distinctive skills. Their ability to properly manage themselves, their time and those around them. They should be thoroughly organised especially considering they are responsible for maintaining company records and files. They also must have a level of creativity thatRead MoreThe Impact of Manpower Development on Efficient Management of Parastatals (a Case Study of Nigeria Railway, Eastern Division Enugu)9176 Words   |  37 Pagesan employee has been recruited and inducted his skills must be updated and development to better fit into the job and the organization. The need for developing the employee not only position at that particular time, posses the necessary skill needed in the job the effect of the dynamic nature of the society influence by changes in the field of science and technology necessitates the continuous improvement of workers skill an employee has and the skill he is expected to have in order to better fit into

Friday, December 20, 2019

Personality and Cultures - 5274 Words

International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management Volume 4 Article: MC04-0051-2004 Personality and Culture Learning Goals and Their Impact on Performance of Global Firms Carlos J. Alsua, Assistant Professor of Business Administration (Management), College of Business and Public Policy, University of Alaska Anchorage, USA ‘Knowledge’ and ‘Culture’: Organisational Intangibles and their Tangible Value Proceedings from the Management Conference 2004 International Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management Volume 4 www.ManagementConference.com www.CommonGroundGroup.com This journal and individual papers published at www.Management-Journal.com a series imprint of theUniversityPress.com First†¦show more content†¦This lack of effort when facing challenge is likely to depress their performance. On the other hand, under a learning orientation, individuals will experience an adaptive pattern and they are more likely to increase effort when encountering difficulty and this effort is likely to increase performance. Keywords: Cultural Values, Goal Orientation, Organizational Behaviour, Human Resources Much research in organizational behavior has often ignored the impact of national culture on the individual (Boyacingler and Adler, 1991). This is not surprising since national culture’s influence in organizational behavior occurs at such a deep level that people are not usually aware of its influences (Triandis, 1983). For example, even though it is clear that values and goals of societies differ, most theories on work motivation have been m ade in the US with a US perspective (Boyacingler and Adler, 1991). This may encumber the generalizability of some of these motivation theories to a global environment because, as Hofstede (1980) affirms, even when some principles in motivation may be almost universal, the way managers implement them depend on individual differences in values and goals. These differences are determined by local conditions (Hofstede, 1980), and can be analyzed through the predominance of specific cultural dimensions. This paper contributes to fill the void of culture in manyShow MoreRelatedCulture Influences Personality Influence On Personality897 Words   |  4 Pages Culture influences personality greatly and places restrictions on personality. The culture a person resides in decides how an individual will behave, what beliefs they will have, and what traits are desirable. No individual wants to have undesirable traits. Individuals are expected to conform to the cultural behavioral norms and gender norms in order to avoid having undesirable traits. Since no two cultures are exactly the same an acceptable trait in one culture may not be an acceptable trait inRead MoreInfluence of culture on personality1212 Words   |  5 Pagessummer, that personality is a very interesting yet complex topic in the field of psychology. What is most interesting about the topic is that there are numerous theories that attempt to explain how personality is developed or influenced over time. There are many factors that are said to have an influence on personality, but the one that is most interesting is the idea that personality is shaped by culture. The reason why cu lture is interesting is because just like personality, culture is also a veryRead MoreCulture and Personality Development Essay906 Words   |  4 Pages There is many different factors that determine personality and development, from environmental, genetics, and of course, the culture someone grows up. This can vary across the globe in different geological locations. 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It is the lens through which consumers view products or services and then, associate it with their own and other people’s behaviour. Every consumer perceives the product/service through his/her own cultural lens making culture unique, dynamic and always evolving. SometimesRead MorePolice Culture, Personality And Stress Factors Essay1893 Words   |  8 Pagesengaging in numerous criminal activities. When analyzing the film The Seven Five, several aspects in the case can be applied to concepts found in the Introduction to Policing book, including, police culture, personality, minorities in policing, ethics, and patrol operations. 1. Police Culture, Personality and Stress Factors: Police officers spend most of their time on duty around other officers. Overtime a subculture can form in response to constant exposure to each other. Police subculture consists

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Contemporary Issues in Professional Business Communication

Question: Discuss about theContemporary Issues in Professional Business Communication. Answer: Introduction The contemporary study brings up the leading elements of the professional communication with distinct methods to responsiveness of knowledgeable and invented skills and propensities to accomplish the genuine aims and purposes of focused and precise interface between the workforces and further eminent adherents of the efficient team. The working out of approaching and intensive progressive careers of the individuals accentuate on self-motivated concerts and enlightenment of virtuous, communal and legitimate advantages to undertake the longstanding defensible aims to indicate the factual structures of existence (Anastasia, 2014). Contemporary Interpretations on Professional Communications The well-designed organization executes the business activities in keeping with the space identified by the scheduling of administrative legislatures approaching the line of generous possibilities of exploring the tools and apparatuses of working phenomena to deal with the competitors who systematize to be related to the business. There are miscellaneous influences that generate prominent tasks in assigning and combining the personnel conferring to the essential demands (Machado, 2015). The feasible talents of diverse types of the players among the participants ought to be immaculately approved by the tools of acquirement of the personnel from categorical sectors of skill to accredit the vivacious duties and competent packages. There lie eminent ranges of the professions implemented by the persons to gain viable rewards. Corresponding to the vision of Armstrong and Taylor (2014), the awareness of pioneering employees comprising the sexual groupings raises the foundation of the dealin gs which are indispensable to realize the multifarious responsibilities relating to the profitable missions of the assembly. The ideas and purposes of the particular supports of the responsibilities are indisputably anticipated by the experienced personnel and members of the institute who move from end to end with the evaluation of experimentations formerly in advance of being nominated as potential competitor. There commonly mount the settings of variations in accepting the commitments of the occupation and the predominant liabilities, as per the conformation and confidence of operative careers and all that (Mazenod, 2013). The psychometric appraisals expose the synchronous rankings of culture and concrete abilities as needed. The values might conceivably relate to the coherent interpretations while debating on the outcomes of investigations in miscellaneous categories of operational recognitions in the structural settings of the industrious unit (Armstrong, 2010). Critical Assessment of Occupational Communication The ethical as well as attired doctrines of the functional cluster are essential to be indorsed by the workers who desire to acquire the steps to succeed in the execution of core and outward affairs with typical cluster of employees linked with the operational sector to clarify all classes of incompatibilities or open clashes. This highpoints the attitudes of contradictory frame of mind in diversified nations which requires to be eradicated with promising morale of the universal methods of professional communication approaches as well as influential applications of ensuing financial assistance by the shareholders and investors (Hyondong and Sung-Choon, 2011). The authorities are responsible for the construction of decent as well as delicate platform for the individuals who wishes to endorse their skills to gain assurance of equivalent devices, purposes and brilliant perspective for the acceptable challenges (www.deu.edu.tr, 2015). The supportive drive of the subtlety of the integrate d concepts is expected from the extensive and viable involvement of the cultural view of Japanese innovativeness. This develops the civilizations to exhibit unrivaled reputation in performance of operational standards alongside the talents. The Japanese industrial zone views on the insinuation of the incredibility avoidance consistent with the evaluation of Hofstedes understandings of anticipation of suspicions that reaps the idea of customary and collective disobedience. The workers have the desire for knowledge to come across the acquaintance in the ground of promotional measures those positions on the stage of suitability and realistic understanding with consequences of learning abilities. They are powerfully fascinated to identify whether the advancement of the individuals and the institution of re- allotment of services and the employees at miscellaneous positions are categorical consistent with the modern-day trends of mechanization (Epstein, 2011). The managerial performance and effective team-work throws elegant and informative possessions with stronger influence upon the interests and production of ideologies interrelated to diverse employees linked to the functioning establishment. There are autonomies of assignation, training, permission of encouraging elements, and exploration of the dimension of presentation accessible by the vital workforces. The Critical valuation of the prime impacts of unchanging jobs is suggestively decided by the standing of execution in keeping with the treasured societies of the demands of different kingdoms (Olsen and Stensaker, 2013). There are discrete infrastructures of programs and proceedings in various states dependent on the enlightening and customary tradition from end-to-end with the communal, organizational, commercial and authorized features. Agreeing to the ideology of Dowling et al. (2013), there endures a pool of endowed employees who progress with cautious approach to exhibit the widespread force of allocating the human resources into appropriate arrangements of diffusion of labor. The collection and mobilization of the indispensible personnel as substantial powers signify the system of continuous preparation and conveniences of extension to engender a pleasant-sounding environment of the functioning sequence. Mathis and Jackson (2011) acknowledged that the execution of human backup besides evolution illuminates the prospect of assumption to strengthen the creating events and the perfect communication within the internal and external members along the flow of offered investments to upsurge the chapter of fabrication sidelong with the inclination of the associates in the direction of modernized expansion of enlightening deeds and coherent abilities to appraise the superiority of facility. Challenges The stress in addition to challenging deeds serves the encouraging degree of the programs of present-day packages in the midst of the routine work of natural existence. The necessities of the plans and concerned multitudes create inspirational platforms to run through leading reinforcements of the series of the position of the miscellaneous potentials of the operating refinements (Olsen and Stensaker, 2013). They are fascinated and controlled by the values of societal and psychosomatic desires of the balanced and comprehensible devotions. The uncomplicated requirements maintain the essential situations of directness, provisions, self-assurance, safety and self-possession that relief to proliferate and raise the definite features of constructive profession and preservation. The learning instruction of the labor force is analytically correlated to the origination of prearranged educational and creative package that links the cognizance for an unambiguous resolution to plan the proficient adornment interpreting to the desires of the culture with all-in-one sophistication of corporeal, profitable, methodical assets consequent utilitarian rubrics (www.Larsentoubro.com, 2017). The staffs absorb to sponsor the materials of mutual practice and group concert that echoes the insolence and the policies of the headship confidences of the expert. The stimulation and agreement of the controls benefit them to recover the quintessence of unconventionality, self-recognition in addition to self-worth. This subsequent wellbeing of the institute and the employees awards the vigorous drive and self-disciplined features of the civilizations that will unconditionally promote the effort of the mechanical pursuits in the comprehensive route of achievement (Panda and Sahoo, 2015). Consequences of Communication with Theoretical Judgment The discreet confidence of particular services might be controlled by the modesty of communication amongst the superintendents and the management. The abilities and propensities of the individuals are cultured through the elucidation of the geniuses in proper paths of creation. The predictable understanding of employees are titled to accomplish the principles of preparation in addition to the profile nurturing accessibilities to build a stage of thought-provoking landscapes of speculative indications that engenders interferences for the external competitors. It results into a viable stage of the demonstration of their potentials. The guidelines of the organization edges the link to appreciate the excellence of the employees and supervisors from the deteriorating classes, secondary associations of values, the reserved classes, populations, and the economically sinking cluster of personages (www.Gifre.org, 2017). There stays a requirement to safeguard well-organized communication amid the personnel and the supervision on top of the suppliers, the Direction, the regulars, the operational workers, and revolutionize the players of administration while promoting the readiness and determined efforts of the Establishment. As stated by the philosophical observations of Clampitts Communication Principle, at present stands a necessity of proclamation of security plus confidence to boost the groups of staffs who may perhaps appeal for definite questions withiin their concentrations on the subject of their professions, whether the contributors will induce them to depart from the pathway of production of merchandises or may generate a situation with the implementation of innovative Organizational strategies and the like. The administration must emphasize on the applicable values and appreciate their temperament only if there is a requirement of funding to comfort the status of the workers, gather the fac ts as regards several controlling tactics plus movements as well as create a durable foundation of occupational prospect between the workforces (Mazenod, 2013). On the contrary, the Expectancy principle bank on the motivational environment of the controls that must be remunerated following the enactment centered on the exertions and hard work en route for the Firms improvement policies. The judgment is anticipated to position as the upshot of the performance of the workers. The personnel accept as true that their acknowledgment of capacity and fitness rest on the reputation of their aptitudes (www.Gifre.org, 2017). Anticipation of positivity clues to the outset of trust and decency with the accurate execution of picked up skills. Conclusion A rational and industrious expansion of human wealth needs to possess the key practicalities of awareness that in the end may recover the welfares of the creativity of the organization. The understandings and identifications entail to be soundly matched with the fundamentals of the practical position. The postulants need to be applicably proficient and retain all-inclusive knowledge in high-tech grounds to meet with the interactive networks of flexible link. References Anastasia, P. (2014) 'European Judicial Training: Promoting The Development Of Standardised Training Materials And An Interactive Training Methodology'. ERA Forum 15(3), pp. 319-324. Armstrong, M and Taylor, S. (2014) Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. 13th ed. London: Kogan Page Limited Armstrong, M. (2010) Armstrong's Essential Human Resource Management Practice: a guide to people management. London: Kogan Page Limited Dowling, P., Marion F., and Allen D. (2013) International Human Resource Management. Andover: Cengage Learning Epstein, I. (2011) 'Linking Ethics To Community Practice: Integrative Learning As A Reflective Practice'. Reflective Practice 12(1) pp. 127-138. Hyondong, P. and Sung-Choon, K. (2011) 'Strategic HR Functions And Firm Performance: The Moderating Effects Of High-Involvement Work Practices'. Asia Pac J Manag 30(1), pp. 91-113. Lntinfotech.com. (2017). IT Emerging Technology Market | LT Infotech. [online] Available at: https://www.lntinfotech.com/EmergingMarkets/Pages/Overview.aspx [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Lnttechservices.com. (2017). Employee Development | LT Technology Services | LT India. [Online] Available at: https://www.lnttechservices.com/careers/employee-development/ [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. Machado, C (2015) International Human resource Management: challenges and changes Springer Mathis, R. L. and Jackson, J. H. (2011) Human Resource Management: Essential Perspectives, 4th ed. London: Kogan Page Limited Mazenod, A. (2013) 'Engaging Employers In Workplace Training - Lessons From The English Train To Gain Programme'. International Journal of Training and Development 18(1), pp.53-65. Olsen, TH., and Stensaker, I. (2013) 'A Change-Recipient Perspective On Training During Organizational Change'. International Journal of Training and Development 18(1) pp. 22-36. Panda, S. and Sahoo, C. (2015) 'Strategic Talent Development Interventions: An Analysis'. Industrial and Commercial Training 47(1), pp. 15-22. www.deu.edu.tr, (2017) Convergence and Divergence in Asian Human Resource Management, Available in https://www.deu.edu.tr/userweb/ceyhan.aldemir/dosyalar/rowley,%20benson,%202002.pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017]. www.Gifre.org, (2017) 'Global Institute For Research Education (GIFRE): Employee perception about effectiveness of organizational culture: A study of Land T LTD Available in https://www.gifre.org/admin/papers/gjcmp/perception-vol-3-1-gjcmp.pdf [Accessed 26 Apr. 2017].

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Ego To Clash Between Employees Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ego To Clash Between Employees. Answer: What One of the major problems that I found in my organization is the ego clash that existed between the employees. I found this when I interacted with of my team mate. He was very much egoistic and hence was finding it difficult to adjust with his colleagues and his superiors. So What: Feelings I realized that I need to work upon my coaching skills. I felt that I cannot let this ego to clash between my employees. This will harm the mutual understanding and the respect. I also had this feeling that if I do not take immediate actions to deal with this issue of ego clash, then my employees will never be able to move on for the best and will never be able to work together as a team. Evaluation Having spoken to my employees, I came to know that my employees were suffering from the inferiority complex. This inferiority complex was the result of the ego that was coming in between my employees. This was because they lacked sufficient knowledge in all aspects and were often looked down by other employees. Analysis My analysis out of this was that I need to set up motivational plans for my employees. I would also improve on my coaching skills so that I can train my team mates different ways of overcoming the ego at the workplace. I would do this by making them aware about the harmful effects that this ego clash can have upon them and I would also train them on how to deal with the same. I also decided that I would collect regular feedbacks from my employees. So What I believe that there must not be any ego working between them. This is something that needs to come from the end of the managers. Apart from this I also realized the drawbacks on my part. I made sure that from the next time, I will make sure that there is no feeling of egotism or any kind of negative vibes working within the company. Conclusion It is a very common fact that there will be many egocentric employees at the workplace and they will often generate several negative vibes as well. There will be several employees who will be bossing over others. This will naturally de motivate some of the employees. Hence, it is the duty of the managers to implement several rules and regulations within the company that will help the employees to deal with their egotist attitude. What Next I therefore made sure that I train my employees different means of overcoming this egotist attitude and try to put their joint effort and work as a team. I trained them on few important principles like Not to worry about rewards or punishments I taught them to learn from their experiences. We are all human beings and what is most valuable to us is the knowledge that we acquire. We must not always worry about the reward or punishment. We must overcome this fight between the self and the ego. We must value the self more and try to learn rather than feeding our ego through the rewards. To stop boastful talks I trained my employees to be down to earth and helpful rather than being boastful. I trained them on how to value their achievements and learn from them rather than telling others about it. To stop comparisons between one another I trained my employees that they must value their self worth and jot their ego. Their ego will always make them compare themselves with others and feel inferior. Hence, they must enrich themselves and become self conscious rather than comparing with others.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Just Another Day at the Office

Just Another Day at the Office Personal computer (pc) repair technicians and doctors have a lot in common. Patients arrive at the doctor's door bearing all manner of complaints or problems. I am sure doctors have seen and heard about every type of ignorant stunt a person can think of or do. I have been a pc repair technician for approximately 3 years. Like a doctor, I thought I had seen and heard of every crazy stunt imaginable until I received a call from Carver Financial about a computer crash.When I arrived at the job site, Lola and Anthony, the office and terminal managers, greeted me. "Boy! Are we ever glad to see you," they both cried in unison, "We have completely screwed up the computer." "Well, show me the computer that is down while you tell me what happened," I replied. "Linda, Lola's co-worker, told us upgrading our computer system from Windows 95 to 98 would be easy for us to do ourselves.An Office Depot. store in Fremont, California.All we had to do was purchase the Windows 98 upgrade CD," Anthony sa id, "Except, we could not find the CD." Lola chimed in, "We picked out this CD instead. The salesman at Office Depot said, 'It would work just as well to upgrade our system.'" I looked down at the box she was holding in her hands. The words "Windows 2000 Upgrade" stared back at me in big, white letters.I just stood there for a minute shaking my head, and I silently groaned to myself. "Oh God! How could anybody be that stupid," I thought. With an audible sigh, I said aloud, "Let me run a few diagnostic tests. I will be able to tell you how much damage has occurred in a couple of minutes." I started with the basic stuff like making sure the computer would...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

MILITARY SECURITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MILITARY SECURITY - Essay Example Both these military engagements are more similar to each other than to conventional warfare; once the bases are established in a foreign nation, a guerrilla war usually ensues much similar to a local insurgency. Military security can further be categorized in respect of its needs in and outside a military base. This categorization is based on the security dynamics of defending a stronghold and escorting a moving vehicle, crowd or even protecting civilian infrastructure. Both are essential for a military force to dominate; having a secure military base is not enough for a military to be considered successful when it is being harassed by a much smaller force in hit and run attacks. Bloody, city wide, offensives often cause millions to displace. Though this helps secure the city, the consequences are not pleasant for the security in the long term. Once the population returns to the war struck region, it is easy for the insurgents to mix up in the civilian population to infiltrate. This is a significant security challenge for the military. Wadhams reports in The Cincinnati Post, in 2004, of an insurgent infiltrating a fully guarded US security base that was protected by barbed wires and blast walls at Mosul and setting of one of the deadliest explosions. Under such circumstances, security measures often keep on changing to meet the dynamic needs. Adaptability is an essential in ‘fluid situations’, 1st Sgt. Steve Valley is reported to have said in the same report. Suicide attacks change the whole nature of security dynamics as the attacker aims to kill himself in the attack. For the conventional and nuclear warfare, the security of the personnel and equipment is foreseeable but for terrorist attacks, knowing what the enemy is capable of is solely dependent upon previous encounters and intelligence. Pappalardo (2004) reports in â€Å"National Defense† about US military as bases being equipped with chemical and biological detectors as a precaution against attacks from weapons of mass destruction. Security of military bases in the current situation is much sophisticated, especially when it comes to the smaller installations; they rely on first responders and outside help unlike the major ones which have coordination with the local authorities, be it in an occupied territory or in the home country. As the requirement puts it, smaller bases are much more in number and raise the need for sufficient security for undisrupted operations so that they can continue to operate in balance with survival and mission success. Kemp (2008) lists a series of security measures used in protecting the bases in his report on base protection in Armada International. With sufficiently trained personnel, the security measures can range from deploying simple sandbags, screens to disrupt direct line of sight, barriers and fortifications to all weather sensors, patrolling systems, anti personnel mines, counter rocket and mortar systems (C-Ram) and a com mand and control system. Intruder alarms and alertness is the key to defusing any grave situations in event of an attack. Dunigan (2011) highlights the peak utilization of private military security contractors in Victory for Hire: Private Security Companies' Impact on Military Effectiveness. This takes off the load of training and recruiting from the military and allows the military to focus